According to an analysis by Zhang & Chu, (2018)  Diabetes, self-management Education participants demonstrated a reduction of HbA1c with an initial follow up, and reduction on attenuation to up to 0.24% at the follow-up points 4 or more months after the initial intervention (Cunningham et al., 2018). This is because they are less likely to have control over HbA1c than the non-Hispanic whites (Mardanian Dehkordi & Abdoli, 2017). Questions addressing the prediction of the course of a disease. It is essential to ensure a multi-disciplinary approach which can be used in the diabetes education and can, without doubt, ensure that there is proper delivery of diabetes management information by experts in different fields, in the end, this will maximize the learning process of each. Also, it is essential to consider the physical environment as it assures the right attention is given to the improvement of diabetes education. Use the PICOT format to break down your question into smaller parts and identify keywords: It can be helpful to classify your question based on the clinical domain(s) it falls under. PICO Question Examples. QOL also did not show any improvement and was very important regarding Diabetes Self-Management Education and an outcome to measure future trials. Are ____ (P) who have _______ (I) at ___ (Increased/decreased) risk for/of_______ (O) compared with ______ (P) with/without ______ (C) over _____ (T)? Using PICO to Form the Research Question Using the example from the bottom-center we can start forming a research question: Is Chlorpropamide (intevention) more efficient than Metformin (comparator) in managing Diabetes Mellitus … According to Weaver, Lemonde, Payman, & Goodman, (2014) Diabetes self-management Education will mean that people with the social, economic and cultural challenges will be able to conduct the required blood glucose monitoring, administering of medications, physical activity, management of diet and continued medical care. More studies should be done to understand the Diabetes Self-Management Education intervention characteristics and whether this can be used in improving any form of consistency in improving the HbA1c in this population. Are (is) _________ (I) more accurate in diagnosing ________ (P) compared with ______ (C) for _______ (O)? Is a PKU test (I) done on two week old infants (P) more accurate in diagnosis inborn errors in metabolism (O) compared with PKU tests done at 24 hours of age (C)? The operator AND is typically used to connect conceptually distinct terms (such as the P and the I from a PICO question) It can be helpful to classify your question based on the clinical domain(s) it falls under. With a clear clinical question that lends itself to a focused integrative review, it provides a good example of how the new format will work. Quantitative using a descriptive phenomenological approach. Wooley & Kinner, (2016)  adds that Diabetes self-management Education will look at the different demands in the quality of life that include the emotional, physical, and social wellbeing of the individuals. You know that the risk of this is low but want to give him a more precise answer. Also, social influences profoundly influence the adherence to diet for many people in the medium group. Are 30- to 50- year old women (P) who have high blood pressure (I) compared with those without high blood pressure (C)at increased risk for an acute myocardial infarction (O) during the first year after hysterectomy (T)? Are kids (P) who have obese adoptive parents (I) at Increased risk for obesity (O) compared with kids (P) without obese adoptive parents (C) during the ages of five and 18 (T)? Cummingham, A.T., Crittendon, D. R., White, N., Mills, G.D., LaNoue, M.D. In this regard, specific information was asked for all participants when it comes to addressing their challenges. Questions addressing the act or process of identifying or determining the nature and cause of a disease or injury through evaluation. Section 5: Literature Critique and Identification of Gaps. What time periods should be considered? Ask for general knowledge of disease processes or clinical contexts; they ask "who, what, when, why, where or how" about a single disease, drug, intervention or concept. Diabetes self-management education is an essential element of care for all people that live with diabetes and those that are found to be at risk of developing it (Fain, 2017). A good PICO will investigate something new in terms of diagnosis, etiology, therapy, harm, etc. Most of these patients also report a lower quality of life than those without chronic illnesses. The PICO … This indicates that the content of the Diabetes Self-Management Education also matters if it is to be regarded as sufficient. Click "Next" below to start your research. PICO (alternately known as PICOT) is a mnemonic used to describe the four elements of a good clinical question.It stands for: P–Patient/Problem I–Intervention C–Comparison O–Outcome. Ensure the use of appropriate physical space as a way of improving  Diabetes Self-Management Education. Many people find that it helps them clarify their question, which in turn makes it easier to find an answer. In ________ (P) are/is ________(I) compared with ________(C) more accurate in diagnosing ________(O)? See below for definitions, PICO templates, and example questions from the primary clinical domains: intervention, diagnosis, etiology, prevention, prognosis/prediction, quality of life/meaning, and therapy. In _______ (P), how does ________ (I) compared to ________ (C) influence _________ (O) over _________ (T)? When you are ready click to see the suggested answers. Without a well-focused question, it can be very difficult and time consuming to identify appropriate resources and search for relevant evidence. Clinical Question Paper: PICOT Nursing research is an important fundamental of the nursing profession. In African American female adolescents with hepatitis B (P), how does acetaminophen (I) compared to ibuprofen (C) affect liver function (O)? PICO(TT): Definitions and Examples PICO(TT) Model & Question Types This model helps us create searchable clinical questions before we start looking at the literature. How do ________ (P) diagnosed with _______ (I) perceive ______ (O) during _____ (T)? However, when presenting the initial and general information regarding the management of diabetes, it was essential for those individuals that were diagnosed with diabetes. The Meta-Analysis results indicated that there was a non-significant effect on the Diabetes Self-Management education on HbA1c in Africa-Americans. In present times, type 2 diabetes is also regarded as the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. The researcher investigated how social relationships, economic resources, economic circumstance, and dietary management was critical during diabetes self-management education. Watson, N., Acuna, D. G., Wardian, J. L., Cobb, E. C., Beavers, D., & Sauerwein, T. J. Diabetes Self-management Education was broadcast to Radolf Airforce Base, and the patient reported a lot of satisfaction in telehealth. This assignment offers a tool to assist in the identification of the problem, proposed intervention, and desired outcomes. Continued focus on Glucose Pattern Management to ensure patient confidence in diabetes self-care. PICO example. A bad PICO is usually a background question disguised as a research question. For example, indexing in MEDLINE (PubMed) employs Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Questions addressing how one experiences a phenomenon. P - Population. Zhang & Chu, (2018) argues that Diabetes self-management Education goal is to ensure an increase in the individual’s self-efficacy when it comes to physical activity, self-efficacy to managing personal diet, management of stress, glucose monitoring among other necessary behavior and skills for the successful outcomes of diabetes. 1 PICO stands for: It was okay there are days I can feel the extra boost but some days I dont but i still continue to take they have a pretty good taste to them better than others. The research found that the differences in these structures weakened the capability of health and management of special diet. Is essential that diabetes self-management education consider this, as it is part of treatment and management for this group, which forms the second largest number of diagnosed type 2 individuals. Examples: In this case, the clinical question is: In women with type 2 diabetes, how effective is preconception counseling in improving clinical outcomes? These are few examples of the clinical questions which are based on the PICO parameters of population, problem, patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome.